Information on guinea pigs Please note I am not a vet and this is only a guide from my experience of guinea pigs, if you are unsure please ask a vet.

Caring for your pets

 

 


GUINEA PIGS

 
Another word for guinea pig is cavy also female guinea pigs are called sows and male guinea pigs are called boars but in this section I will call them boys and girls.


Housing guinea pigs


Guinea pigs can be housed in a large plastic indoor cage or a wooden outdoor hutch, which needs to be about four foot long. Personally I like to keep them in cages inside the shed out of the cold. 

 

They need to be housed together if possible, you can usually put quite a few girls together and they will not fight. With boys you need to be more careful because they will sometimes want to live on their own.

 

 

 If you decide to put 2 boys together you need to watch them, if they start to fight you should   separate them immediately. It is easier if you get the boys when they are 5 or 6 weeks old as you can put them together easier without them fighting .  You can’t have more than 2 males living together.

 

Ginea pigs should NOT be housed with rabbits as guinea pigs need more vitamin C than rabbits, also the rabbit tends to eat it all and will leave the guinea pig with a very unhealthy diet. Also rabbits have very strong back legs and could kick out and seriously injure or even kill your guinea pig.


Questions and answers

I want a guinea pig but I am confused, what do all the different breeds mean?

All the different breeds mean is what they look like, if you are just looking for a guinea pig as a family pet then there are beautiful mixed breeds available.

 

 I have heard that there are problems with breeding roans, is this true?

Yes if you mate roan to roan you can get problems with the litters because the babies would be deformed, weak and or born dead or will die soon after birth.


 

Do satins have a shorter life expectancy than other breeds of guinea pig?
Yes they do, there is some new research to show that there is a genetic problem with satins and they would die at about 3-4 years.

 

 What is the average life expectancy for a guinea pig?

The average life expectancy for a guinea pig is 4-7 years but they can live much longer and shorter than this.

 

 

What is the average amount of babies born in a litter of guinea pigs?

The average amount of babies in each litter is 2-4, but of course this varies.

 

 

How old does a guinea pig need to be to breed from for its first litter.

5 Months to a year

 

 

I have heard that guinea pigs and rabbits are related is this true.
No this is not true. Guinea pigs and rabbits are not related and therefore should never live together.

 

What are Dalmatian guinea pigs?
Like a Dalmatian dog with either black or liver coloured spots.


What plants can guinea pigs eat?

Sow thistle, cow parsley and vetch.

 

Are guinea pigs nocturnal?

No, guinea pigs are not nocturnal.

 

Are guinea pigs rodents?

Yes, guinea pigs are rodents.

 

 

How often should guinea pigs cage be cleaned out?

Guinea pigs should be cleaned out at least twice a week.

 

 

Who is it best to buy a guinea pig from?

A recommended breeder

 

What is the best age to buy a guinea pig?

 

When they are 6-12 weeks of age as they are easier to tame.

 

 

Do guinea pigs bite?

 

No, most guinea pigs don’t bite, this make them a great pet for children.

 

 

My guinea pig won’t eat what should I do?

 

It may be pregnant but if not, you should take it to a vet as soon as possible.

 

 

My guinea pig won’t live with another guinea pig, I am thinking about buying a rabbit as a companion for it, is this ok?

 

No definitely not, they eat different food and the rabbit could kick the guinea pig and hurt or kill it.

 

 

Are cavies guinea pigs?

 

Yes.

 

What are skinny pigs?

Skinny pigs are a type of guinea pig with no fur.

 

What guinea pigs eat

 

 

Guinea pigs need vitamin C, some people give it to them in their water, but I prefer to give them fresh fruit and veggies.

 

 

     My Piggies like to eat these veggies

    Celery

     Cucumber (their favorite)

   Apple

     Broccoli

     Greens (not spinach as it can harm guinea pigs)

     Cabbage

     Grass

     Curly leaf kale

     corm on the cob

     Carrots  (feed in moderation)


Never feed your Piggies these

x   Oranges or the skins

x   Spinach

x   Ice burg lettuce

x   Bananas

x   Potatoes or the peelings

x   Tomatoes or the skins

 

Guinea pigs must always have a plentiful supply of water and fresh hay as well as guinea pig food, my guinea pigs favorite food is Gertie guinea pig which you can get from lots of different pet stores. They also need wood shavings (sawdust is too fine.)

 

Breeding

 

The female has to be at least 5 months and under 1 year for her first pregnancy.  Any amount of females can go with one male for a pregnancy but not more than one male with any amount of females.

 

It takes about 10 weeks (62days) for the litter to be born. The female will only get pregnant when she is in heat which is about 16 days per month so the exact date is not always accurate.  

 

Remove the boy when you know for sure the girl is pregnant otherwise she will get pregnant again as the girl comes into heat straight after birth. The babies are born fully formed and can eat straight away.  If there are any dead babies move them out of the cage straight away, if the whole litter is dead it is best to put the boy back in with the girl to stop her being upset and mourning. Make sure the girls stay with their mum for 5-6 weeks and the boys only 3-4 weeks otherwise the boys will mate with their mum and you will get an unwanted litter which might be deformed.

 

Different breeds of guinea pigs

 

 Abyssinian guinea pigs

Pure bred Abyssinian guinea pigs should have ten rosettes four on the hindquarters, four around the 'saddle' and one on each shoulder. They come in come in lots of different colours the most common is tort and white but you can get them in self’s and other mixed colours.

 

American crested guinea pig


A pure bred red American crested should have broad shoulders and its eye colouring should match the colour of its fur, and its ears should be slightly droopy. They come in black, red and other colours too.


Coronet guinea pigs

A pure bred coronet should have long fur with a large full crest on its head. They can come in an array of colours the one above is chocolate and cream. Coronets in general have a very laid back temperament but of course it depends on the actual guinea pig.

 


                 Dutch guinea pigs

A Dutch guinea pig should have equal markings of a colour other than white such as brown or black. It should have a white stripe down the middle of its face and at either side the other colour, the top of its body should be white and an equal amount below so that it ends in a straight horizontal line. It should have good white stops for showing.

 

 
Merino guinea pig

A Merino guinea pig should have curly fur, shorter than the coronet but longer than the short hairs.  They are very laid back and come in an assortment of colours.

 

Black tan guinea pig



A pure bred black tan guinea pig should be black with tan under the belly and chin. They are generally very friendly and like attention.

 


Sheltie guinea pig

Same as the coronet guinea pig without the crest.

 

 

Handling guinea pigs

 

 

Guinea pigs, once they get to know you are very sociable friendly little animals and love to be held.

 

To build your trust with them you need to put your hand in the cage and gently try to stroke them if they run away from you just get them used to your hand being in the cage and as they are very inquisitive they will come over to investigate and they should let you stroke them, if they run away just keep on trying you will get there in the end.

 

 

 When you hold them you need to put your hand under the back of their body to support them do that they feel secure and put your hand under and over then front of their body and put them close to your chest and stroke them gently.

 

Showing guinea pigs

Showing guinea pigs can take up a lot of time. It is best to start by showing in the pet section because you don’t have to worry about their markings. If you do decide to show in the pure bred section it is best to start with Abyssinians and rexes as you do not have to bath them. If you decide to show longhairs you need to put some of their hair into wraps.

 

 

 You need to make sure you give them a bath before the show so that their coat is clean also their toenails need to be trimmed. You need to make sure they have any matted fur cut off otherwise it is counted against the guinea pig.

 

 

 

It is very rewarding to win any prizes even if it is only third as you know the judges like your Piggies and that they are good quality.

 

 

 

Grooming guinea pigs

 

 

All long haired guinea pigs need to be brushed daily as their fur will become matted quickly and could hurt them. Also if young children do it they need to be supervised. As the may brush them too hard and could hurt them.

 

 

Are guinea pigs suitable for young children?

 

 

They are suitable for young children as they are very friendly don’t tend to bite and love to be held. Also they are ok to be left alone as long as they have another guinea pig as a companion so they don’t get lonely whilst the child is at school.

 

 

You need to make sure the child will be gentle with the guinea pig and makes sure they clean it out and that it is given fresh water and fed daily.

Exercise

 

Guinea pigs need exercise and a good way to give it to them is to put a large run on the grass and let them run about in it for a couple of hours.

 

Make sure they can’t get to any poisonous things like ivy or toadstools. Make sure the grass is dry otherwise it can harm their digestive system and make them unwell.

 

 

Helpful Hints

 

Instead of using the wire from a bunny bottle cut a piece of curtain wire and put some curtain hooks in each end.

 

Next time you clean out your guinea pigs or rabbits add the soiled bedding to your compost bin.

 

To clean out your water bottle use cotton buds as it is not harmful to guinea pigs and cleans them very well.

 

When you clean out your  guinea pig cage spray the plastic base with a hose to get the last bits of dirt out and leave it outside to dry before adding the bedding and putting the guinea pigs back inside,

 

With a hutch spray the inside with animal friendly cage cleaner (disinfectant) then scrub it and leave to dry before adding their bedding and putting the Piggies inside.

 

You can use the wire indoor cage tops as runs for guinea pigs when you are cleaning out their cage.

 

 


Health

 

If your guinea pig is unwell the signs usually are that it isn’t eating, not moving around much, the eyes are not bright and it doesn’t like to be held, this could be that the animal is unwell or in pain and needs to be taken to the vet.

 

 

If your guinea pig has had a litter of babies and they are all dead. You should keep an eye on her and if she doesn’t seem her normal self you should take her to your vet as soon as possible as it could be pregnancy toxemia and they may be able to save her.

 

Exercising guinea pigs indoors

 

If the weather is too bad to let your guinea pig out is a run it is a good idea to make a large enclosure so the guinea pig can still get some exercise and enjoy it.

 

 It is not very good to keep a guinea pig in a hutch all the time as they get bored so during the winter it is the perfect solution.

 

 

Life expectancy of a guinea pig

 

 

Guinea pigs usually live for about 4- 7 years so you must make sure you are committed to looking after a guinea pig for that long and that it gets the proper care and that you don’t just get bored of it.

Guinea pigs teeth

 

Guinea pigs are part of the rodent family so their teeth are always growing, if you don’t give them any hard blocks of wood to chew their teeth may get very long and could get chipped and seriously injure you guinea pig. Also it wouldn’t be able to eat and would die from starvation.

 

 If guinea pigs teeth are long you should take them to a vet as they will be able to trim them for you.

 

Guinea pigs eyes

Guinea pigs can get hay or wood shavings in their eyes, they should be checked every day because if it went right into the eye it could infect it but also it could cause the guinea pig to get its eye pierced and have to have it removed

 

 

 

How to transport your guinea pig

 

It is best to transport your guinea pig in a small cat carrier so that it doesn’t get to nervous.

 

 

Baby guinea pigs

 

Baby guinea pigs are amazing, they are born with their eyes fully open and they are very furry. Here are some babies about 5 minutes after they were born

 

 

 

 

 Is it good to buy a guinea pig from a pet shop?

 

Normally yes but sometimes they can get the sex wrong so you should always check it yourself.  Also the pet shops could make a mistake and put the girls with a boy this would mean the girls could get pregnant.

 

 

What is best a male or a female?

 

Males tend to be better pets as they are generally more placid than females but with males you can normally keep only two   together or they sometimes fight in bigger groups.

 

 

Sexing Guinea pigs

 

Male and female guinea pigs both have two teats so the only way you can sex them is by the shape of their genital openings the female has a y shaped opening and the male has a round opening.